| Background:
            Around 1995 my grandson, Johnny Upshaw, began playing youth hockey
            at the local rink in Fresno. At the same time, he became a fan of
            the  Pittsburgh Penguins, largely because they were led by
             Mario
            Lemieux, a star player most consider the second best ever after
            Wayne Gretzky. They also boasted a rising star in  Jaromir Jagr,
            who, amazingly, is still playing at a high level at age 44. Every hockey
            fan's dream is to see their team on home ice, but until March 20,
            2016, Johnny had to be content with traveling to San Jose when the
            Penguins played the Sharks. Finally, after I took his younger
            brother to see HIS favorite team, the Colorado Avalanche in Denver,
            Johnny and I scheduled a trip to Pennsylvania, where the Penguins would host their hated rival and number one team in the league, the  Washington
            Capitals. Once again
            the Penguins are led by a true superstar, Sidney Crosby, always in
            contention as the best player currently active. Competing with him
            for that honor is the Capitals' captain, Alexander Ovechkin. 
 Traveling:
            With the game starting at 6 p.m. Sunday, March 20, we were able to find an early
            flight through Phoenix that would land in Pittsburgh at 4:12 -
            cutting it close, and leaving little room for error. Long before the
            big day the airline changed the arrival time to 4:30, which still
            would work as long as all went well. The night
            before I set my alarm for 4 a.m., a time of day that should only be
            observed in the p.m. sector, got up and had a quick breakfast, and was ready to
            go when Johnny came by about 4:45. Our flight to Phoenix was
            uneventful, and too dark for any scenic enjoyment out the window.
            Both of us started catching up on our reading. We had a
            layover of about an hour in Phoenix, and the plane started for the runway on
            time. Then we stopped, and the pilot announced that there was
            a minor mechanical problem, which should be fixed within ten
            minutes. As I tend to do in these situations, I fretted and worried
            about something I could not control, but Johnny was relaxed and
            confident we would make it on time. As usually
            happens, the crew was able to make up some of the lost time, and we
            landed in Pittsburgh after four hours or so, and got an Uber ride to
            downtown. Our hotel was literally across the street from the Consol
            Energy Center, so we left our luggage with the concierge, walked
            through falling snow to the arena, and were in our seats a few minutes
            before the start of the game.
 The Game:
            We had made our travel plans at the start of the season when all
            teams are equal, so as our travel date
            approached, I was a little
            nervous about how the game would go, with the Capitals having the
            best record in the league, and the Penguins having an up and down
            season. By this time the Pens had moved into 3rd place in their
            division, a guaranteed playoff spot, but had not yet clinched. It turned
            out we could not have chosen a better  game to
            see. The Penguins
            opened the scoring, putting up two goals 90 second apart before the
            first period was half over. In the second period Washington mounted
            a comeback, scoring early in the period, and again with just under
            six minutes left. However, the Penguins answered 42 seconds later
            and started the third period with a 3-2 lead. In the final
            20 minutes of the game, the home team scored three times, triggering
            loud cheers from the crowd. When favorite villain Ovechkin delivered
            a big hit against a Pens player the chant of "Ovie sucks"
            added to the fun. At one point Johnny remarked, "This is the
            kind of game, if I were watching on TV, I'd wish I could have been
            there in person." When the 
            game ended we made our
            way out along with the rest of the fired-up crowd, and walked back
            to our hotel in a snow storm. In fact, it had snowed all day and
            continued into the evening until we were in for the night, but it
            did not stick on the ground anywhere. The flakes were tiny and it
            was not unpleasant to be out in it until we went out to dinner. We got
            checked in, then went to eat at
            Cafe Milano, a few blocks from the hotel, where we enjoyed pizza
            with beer for Johnny and Coke for me. When we requested a combo
            pizza, we earned a blank look from the counter woman, but looking at
            the menu we realized a Milano Special was a combo, even if people in
            Pittsburgh don't know it. 
            
            When we walked back to the hotel, the temperature had dropped and the snow flakes seemed
            colder and wetter, but we had only a short distance to go, so it
            was bearable.
 Gettysburg:
            When we first began discussing plans for the trip, Johnny suggested
            that while we were in Pennsylvania, we should also visit Gettysburg
            and Philadelphia. I had not considered this, and was not totally
            thrilled by the idea, considering what the weather could be like.
            But we made our homeward flight reservation from Philadelphia, and
            Johnny booked hotels in Pittsburgh and Philly. After the fact, I was
            absolutely delighted that we decided to include these two stops. On Monday
            morning we got up when we felt like it, ate some leftover pizza, and Johnny walked to the
            nearby car rental place to get the vehicle for our trip across
            Pennsylvania. It's a little over 190 miles from Pittsburgh to
            Gettysburg, so as Johnny drove, I called and made reservations for
            2:20 with The Historic
            Tour Company, which Johnny had found before our trip. Our trip was
            pleasant and scenic, with no traffic or weather problems. In fact,
            it was sunny when we woke up, and the rest of the way. East of
            Pittsburgh we started driving through hills with a  thin layer of
            snow in the open areas. Along one stretch the leafless trees had
            snow on the branches, providing a unique vista for a couple of
            Californians. There was really no good place to stop along I-76
            (Pennsylvania Turnpike), but I managed to get a few fairly decent
            shots as we drove. Once we
            turned off the Interstate onto US30 our speed decreased
            considerably, as we drove through the Appalachian Mountains. It was
            also very scenic territory, as we followed the winding route up and over the mountains and
            down to the rolling hills and fields at the famous  Civil War
            site. We arrived
            at the  tour office about 20 minutes before the scheduled start, found
            a parking spot, and walked over to the building, where we were
            joined by about five others. The man at the office gave a talk that
            covered the background events leading up to the battle, including
            the hierarchy of army units in existence at the time for both
            armies. We then joined our driver-guide aboard an old-style National
            Park bus for the tour. You can read
            about this battle on
            line and in countless
            books, and I won't try to give a history lesson here. The bus
            took us back and forth across  the
            area, as the driver recounted
            major events in chronological order. Between July 1 and 3, 1863, the
            battle resulted in over 15,000 men dead or wounded, 5,000 dead
            horses, terrible devastation to the town, and, amazingly, only one
            civilian death. On July 4th the Confederate forces began their
            retreat back south. Despite some future victories, the tide of the war
            had turned permanently against them. The trip
            took us from point to point across the area, and the tour guides were entertaining and knew their
            subject. They were able to convey a clear understanding of the
            flow of events and how good and bad decisions made by officers on
            both sides affected the outcome. We stopped only once at a  battle
            area, Little
            Round Top, which commands an excellent view of much of the
            battlefield, showing why its defense was key in the Union victory. There are
            plaques and statues as well as other artifacts all over the area,
            and Johnny and I wished that had we had time to drive or walk
            around on our own to look at these. But we agreed that exploring on
            our own would not have had the impact provided by the tour. During the
            tour we stopped at the  old
            cemetery, dating from about 1740, where
            the guide pointed out a tall, brown tombstone. This has been
            determined to be the location of the speaker's platform when Abraham
            Lincoln
            was there to deliver his famous Gettysburg Address. Johnny and I
            drove up there and walked in for a closer look, then returned to
            downtown and had dinner in a restaurant across from the tour agency.
            Then it was on to Philadelphia, another 120 miles or so. We arrived
            fairly late, maybe around 9 p.m., got checked in, and settled down for the night.
 Philadelphia:
            The next
            morning we got up fairly early and drove a few blocks to drop off
            the rental car. The rest of the day, we walked around the historic
            district, right next to our hotel. Our first stop was the
            visitor center where we got tickets for Independence
            Hall - free but required due to the large number of visitors.
            Most of the historic attractions in the area are part of the Independence
            National Historic Park. Next to the
            hall and just across from the visitor center is the Liberty
            Bell, no tickets required (there IS a security check). Contrary
            to legend, the bell did not crack from being rung with the joy of
            freedom. It was flawed from the beginning, as many such items were
            in the 1700s, and cracked when it was first hung in the state house
            (now Independence Hall). It was ordered by the Pennsylvania
            Assembly in 1751 to commemorate the 50-year anniversary of William Penn's 1701 Charter of Privileges, Pennsylvania's original Constitution.
            It was repaired several times, but the crack widened in 1846 to the
            extent that the bell could no longer be rung. After
            looking at  the
            bell, we walked around the area, taking photos of  Independence Hall as well as the
            buildings that housed the  first congress and the first supreme court
            on either side of the Hall, then got in line for the tour. The building
            was begun in 1732 and served as the Pennsylvania state house.
            Construction was supervised by Alexander Hamilton, and continued until 1753. The main points of interest are on the second
            floor- the courtroom, complete with prisoner's dock, and the  meeting
            room in which both the Declaration of Independence and the
            Constitution were debated, finalized, and signed. I'm not sure
            of the order in which the rest of our activities took place, but at
            one point we went into the City
            Tavern, where Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin and others often
            took their meals. Although the current building is a 20th century
            reproduction of the original, we could picture Tom and Ben after a
            third beer, laughing at how future generations would fight over the
            meaning of some of their wording of the Constitution. We were not
            ready for a big meal, so we had a bread plate and sampled beers made
            from original  recipes of the founders. Johnny had  the sampler
            featuring four
            different beers, and I had General Washington's Tavern Porter,
            made from a recipe on file in the Rare Manuscripts Room of the New
            York Public Library. The rest of
            the day we continued our walking tour. We made a fairly short visit
            to Carpenters' Hall, where the First Continental Congress met in
            1774. As we were heading for the Franklin Museum, Johnny spotted the Chemical
            Heritage Foundation Museum. He holds a degree in chemistry,
            putting it to use in his profession as a criminalist in the state
            crime lab, so he wanted to go in. There are many  well designed
            exhibits, including an early model of a machine that he uses
            regularly. The one on display was about four times bigger than the
            current model. (As of 2021 this museum is now the Science History
            Institute.) After this
            it was on to the Benjamin
            Franklin Museum, where we spent at least an hour. The visit was
            well worth the modest $5 cost, and brought home to us what an
            amazing person Franklin was. Not the most important aspect of the
            facility, but it was amusing to see that the wallpaper in some rooms
            featured little kites. We then walked to the cemetery nearby where
            Franklin is buried. It was closed, but we could see his grave site
            and there is a commemorative
            plaque on the cemetery wall. The final
            "tourist attraction" that we visited was Elfreth's
            Alley, said to be the oldest continually inhabited street in
            America. Dating back to 1736, it's still a  residential
            street, but
            open to the public to walk down and look at the well-preserved old
            buildings. When we got
            back to our hotel for a rest before dinner, I was surprised to
            discover that we had walked over five miles during our rambling tour
            of the historic district. I'm certain we were never more than a mile
            from our hotel, but we meandered to and fro a few times in getting
            to all the places we wanted to see. Throughout the day we had
            sunshine, with occasional light wind. We went out
            to eat at a nearby restaurant, National
            Mechanics, where I had pork chops and Johnny had fish and chips,
            both very good. Heading Home: Because we were off from our usual time zone by
            three hours, we didn't really keep the best schedule, but the entire
            trip was short enough that we did not suffer. It was a little
            strange to get up Wednesday morning at 4 a.m., knowing that it was 1
            a.m. in California. We took a cab to the airport, arriving in plenty
            of time for our 6:45 a.m. flight.
 Once again,
            there was a delay. We had left the gate when the plane stopped and
            the pilot announced that due to the nature of the plane, the flight,
            the number of passengers or something, three pilots were required,
            and they had to call the third one in. He was on his way, and should
            arrive in about ten minutes. Once again I worried about something I
            could not control, since our layover in Phoenix was less than an
            hour. However, the crew was able to make up some of the lost time,
            and we arrived with a few minutes to spare before boarding began. Of
            course, after boarding, we sat in the plane for a while and took off
            half an hour late, with no explanation. We landed in
            Fresno a little after noon Pacific time, ransomed Johnny's car, and
            headed for home. Despite some delays, we got everywhere on time, we
            had good luck with the weather, and we shared a memorable
            experience, both with the game in Pittsburgh and our explorations of
            our country's history. --Dick Estel, April 2016
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